Infectious Smiles
Your filthy mouth may cause you a heart attack By: Erin Hobday Illustrations by Eboy
There
are two options when it comes to oral hygiene: Treat your teeth like
gold, or buy gold teeth. The latter is a tough look to pull off. Unless
you're a rapper (or, like Flavor Flav, a
rapper-turned-reality-TV-star-turned-boy-toy-to-blonde-Amazon), women
tend to frown on 24-karat caps. Aesthetics aside, there's an even better reason to go for option one: Your life depends on it. Unhealthy mouths unleash bacteria into the bloodstream, where the bugs travel to vital organs. As a
result, your chance of developing diabetes can go up, your stroke risk
can quadruple, and your risk of a heart attack can spike up to 14 times
higher. Of course, these are all worst-case scenarios. The best case?
The ligaments tethering your teeth to your jaw disintegrate, and you
start paying attention to Fixodent commercials. Don't
let it happen to you. Open up and apply these eight mouth guards, and
we practically guarantee you'll live long and die without dentures. Plaque When
you wake up tomorrow, run your tongue over your teeth. Feel that? It's
plaque, a mossy mix of germs, dead cells, and saliva. Left alone, it
becomes a breeding ground for bacteria that cause cavities and
gingivitis, a.k.a. inflamed gums. And gingivitis can lead to the
ligament-destroying oral disease called periodontitis, says Marjorie
Jeffcoat, D.M.D., dean of the school of dental medicine at the
University of Pennsylvania. "You can have an infection the size of the
palm of your hand and not know it." Grab a
cup for protection. If it weren't for afternoon tea, Brits would have
no teeth at all. A recent Chicago College of Dentistry study showed
that people who rinsed their mouths with black tea multiple times a day
had less plaque buildup than those who swished water. "Polyphenols in
tea suppress the bacterial enzyme that triggers plaque accumulation,"
says Christine D. Wu, Ph.D., the lead study author. "Drinking tea a few
times a day could have the same effect." Choose iced or hot tea, but
try to down it during your meals. Worried about staining? Go green.
"Green tea contains the same polyphenols as black tea," says Wu, "but
it isn't fully fermented, and fermentation contributes to the staining." Pull
strings. Flossing belongs to that special category of onerous chores
that includes cleaning the gutters, but it has to be done. What about
the research showing that rinsing with Listerine (or one of its clones)
is as good as flossing? A new study in the Journal of the American Dental Association
found that swishing with Listerine and flossing is most effective of
all. The key is matching floss to teeth. "If you have rough fillings,
use waxed floss," says Dr. Jeffcoat. "If you have bigger spaces between
the teeth, consider braided floss." And for unequivocally average
teeth? Go with unwaxed floss; the friction will pull out more plaque.
In terms of technique, Dr. Jeffcoat says to listen as you slide the
string. "When it squeaks, you know the plaque is gone." Enamel Just
like the paint on a Plymouth, your enamel is shield and showcase. Its
enemies: erosion and abrasion. Erosion is the breakdown of enamel by
acids, while abrasion is wear from brushing. Either way, worn enamel
sabotages smiles and lets bacteria tunnel into teeth. Stick
it to yourself. Sugarless gum is powerful medicine for your mouth;
numerous studies have shown that chewing the sticky stuff stimulates
the delivery of building-block minerals into damaged enamel. Most
recently, researchers in Japan showed that people who chew sugarless
gum fortified with the tongue-twisting ingredient casein
phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (or CPP-ACP) can patch up
twice as much enamel as those masticating gum minus CPP-ACP. Look for
sugarless gums, such as Trident White, that list Recaldent as an active
ingredient. Take the softer, easier way.
Pair heavy hand pressure with a firm-bristled toothbrush and you're all
set - to clean grout. "Some people actually brush grooves in their
teeth," says Bruce Reuben, D.D.S., an oral surgeon in Chicago. To
protect and polish your enamel, pick up a soft-bristled brush with
tapered tips, such as the Colgate 360. Researchers at the University of
Pennsylvania compared this type with a soft brush with rounded tips and
found that the former removed more plaque while remaining gentle on
teeth. Still brushing the heck out of your bicuspids? Switch to your
nondominant hand. Once you're used to exerting less force, switch back. Cavities Children
are cavity magnets, but so are adults. "As we grow older, we might
actually be more prone to tooth decay," says Richard Price, D.D.S., a
consumer advisor for the American Dental Association. What's worse,
age, and the gum recession that accompanies it, puts us at risk of a
variation called "root cavities." "When the gum pulls back, a bit of
root is exposed," explains Dr. Price. The root's only protection is
cementum, a soft coating that's no match for the bacteria that cause
cavities. Commandeer the cheese cart. A
quick refresher: Eating sweets causes the pH level of your saliva to
plummet, transforming plaque into tooth-dissolving acid. But follow
cheesecake with cheese and your pH level will stay steady. A study
review published in Nutrition Reviews that looked at the
pH-boosting properties of 12 cheeses shows that while provolone is
pretty good, Cheddar's better. In fact, aged Cheddar, Gouda, Monterey
Jack, and mozzarella raised pH levels highest. And one bite is all you
need; the study subjects ate less than a quarter ounce. Eat
for two. Someone move your cheese? Finish your dinner before you dive
into dessert. As you eat a meal, the plaque on your teeth absorbs some
of the fat, fiber, and protein of the food, filling up space that would
otherwise be occupied by sugar. "If the plaque is saturated with the
food you just ate, the sugar you eat afterward can't sink in," says Dr.
Price. Same rule goes for any other time you're sizing up a sweet
snack: Try to eat a little real food first and you'll block out the
sugar that follows. Tartar We
aren't talking fish sauce. Tartar is a special kind of crud that's
created when excess calcium in your saliva combines with plaque. The
result is a brownish-yellow deposit above the gum line that provides a
microscopic toehold for even more bacteria. Waste
it with paste. Fluoride fights cavities, but it can't touch tartar. For
that, you need a toothpaste containing pyrophosphate, a chemical that
disrupts the calcification process. Start using a tartar-control
toothpaste now and your dental hygienist will do less scraping later.
And in case you're tempted to stick with your regular toothpaste and
just use a tartar-control mouthwash, consider this: "One place that
mouthwash does not clean is where the teeth touch each other," says Dr.
Price. Get small. "You see your biggest
tartar buildup where the saliva ducts enter the mouth," says Dr. Price.
"It's like a river laying down silt." Unfortunately, these hot spots -
the backs of your lower front teeth and the outer sides of your top
molars - are difficult to reach with a full-size toothbrush. Choose one
with a small head. And when you tackle the backs of your lower front
teeth, turn the brush perpendicular to the floor, then scrub up and
down.
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